UÇHISAR
The geological formation of Uchisar should be studied together with the formation of Cappadocia. We can even consider Uchisar castle as the observation point of this formation. To the east of the castle you will see Erciyes Mountain with its height of 3917 stands as an old svolcano. Together with a number of other lower and therefore less famous volcanoes like Hasan Dag, Gollu Dag, Karacadag started to erupt 10 million years ago and poured lava, volcanic ash, volcanic stones like basalt. The eruptions which lasted until about 500.000 years ago created a thick layer of volcanic soil of 350 meters. Then sudden climatic changes caused some thin deep holes in this soft volcanic soil. After volcanic activity ended rain water and flood flew into these holes and carved them bigger by draining the soft rock towards Kizilirmak- the longest river of Turkey. To this phenomenon of erosion wind and melted snow were added to form beautiful valleys and fairy chimneys of Cappadocia.
